To help reduce the exclusivity of the proprietary spec, the designer sometimes adds phrasing called the "_________ ____________" clause, which allows limited _________________.

The "or equal" clause is a strategic addition to specifications in construction and design documents that promotes competition among manufacturers and suppliers. By including this phrase, the designer acknowledges that while a specific product or system is specified, equivalently functioning products from other manufacturers are also acceptable. This approach helps to minimize the exclusivity often associated with proprietary specifications, thereby encouraging bids from a broader range of suppliers and potentially lowering costs for the project.

In adding an "or equal" clause, the designer can maintain the desired quality and performance by establishing baseline standards while still allowing for flexibility in selecting products. This facilitates competition, as vendors can propose their alternatives, which might be more cost-effective or have different features that meet the project's needs. As a result, this practice can enhance the overall procurement process and support a fairer bidding environment.